Generic selectors
Exact matches only
Search in title
Search in content
Post Type Selectors
Search in posts
Search in pages
Filter by Categories
Allied Health Professionals’ Corner
Author Reply
Book Review
Brief Communication
Case Report
Case Series
Clinical Case Report
Clinicopathological Conference
Commentary
Commentary : Patient’s Voice
Corrigendum
Editorial
Editorial – World Kidney Day 2016
Editorial Commentary
Erratum
Foreward
Guideline
Guidelines
Image in Nephrology
Images in Nephrology
In-depth Review
Letter to Editor
Letter to the Editor
Letter to the Editor – Authors’ reply
Letters to Editor
Literature Review
Nephrology in India
Notice of Retraction
Obituary
Original Article
Perspective
Research Letter
Retraction Notice
Review
Review Article
Short Review
Special Article
Special Feature
Special Feature - World Kidney Day
Systematic Review
Technical Note
Varia
Generic selectors
Exact matches only
Search in title
Search in content
Post Type Selectors
Search in posts
Search in pages
Filter by Categories
Allied Health Professionals’ Corner
Author Reply
Book Review
Brief Communication
Case Report
Case Series
Clinical Case Report
Clinicopathological Conference
Commentary
Commentary : Patient’s Voice
Corrigendum
Editorial
Editorial – World Kidney Day 2016
Editorial Commentary
Erratum
Foreward
Guideline
Guidelines
Image in Nephrology
Images in Nephrology
In-depth Review
Letter to Editor
Letter to the Editor
Letter to the Editor – Authors’ reply
Letters to Editor
Literature Review
Nephrology in India
Notice of Retraction
Obituary
Original Article
Perspective
Research Letter
Retraction Notice
Review
Review Article
Short Review
Special Article
Special Feature
Special Feature - World Kidney Day
Systematic Review
Technical Note
Varia
View/Download PDF

Translate this page into:

Letters to Editor
24 (
2
); 127-128
doi:
10.4103/0971-4065.127913

Epidemiology of vitamin D deficiency in West African hemodialysis patients: A pilot study from Senegal

Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
Department of Nephrology, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Plateau, Dakar, Senegal
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal

Address for correspondence: Dr. Sidy Mohamed Seck, Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University, Ngallele Road, BP 234, Saint-Louis, Senegal. E-mail: sidymseck@gmail.com

Licence

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Disclaimer:
This article was originally published by Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd and was migrated to Scientific Scholar after the change of Publisher.

Sir,

Vitamin D deficiency is common in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis and is associated with bone disorders[1] and increased mortality.[2] Previous studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency is more frequent in patients with an African origin whose skin pigmentation is a barrier to ultraviolet rays necessary to 25-OH vitamin D synthesis.[13] Like in many developing regions, little is currently known about vitamin D status of dialysis patients from Sub-Saharan Africa.[4] Data from black populations living in the United States or Europe might not be applicable for African patients whose dietary habits and sunlight exposures are different. We report here a pilot study that aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Senegalese hemodialysis patients.

In a cross-sectional study between March 30th and October 30th 2011, we included 46 patients from two main hemodialysis centers in Dakar. Clinical data, serum calcium, phosphate and vitamin D levels during the last 3 months were collected from patients’medical records. All dosages of 25-OH vitamin D were performed using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (COBAS Roche Diagnostics). Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum 25-OH vitamin D level <15 μg/l. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify the factors associated with vitamin D deficiency.

Mean age of patients was 50.3 ± 12.7 years (13-77 years) and 39.1% of them were females. All patients were dialyzed using the bicarbonate buffer and a calcium rich dialysate (1.75 mmol/l). Almost all of them (91%) had a weekly Kt/V >1.2. Thirty six patients (78.2%) presented pre-dialysis high blood pressure (≥140/90 mmHg) and six patients (13%) had a body mass index above 30 kg/m2. The etiologies of end-stage renal disease were dominated by hypertension (39%) and diabetes (26%).

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 32.6% and 28 patients (60.8%) had a vitamin D level between 15 μg/Land 30 μg/l). This prevalence was comparable between men and women (respectively 47.3% and 50.0%, P = 0.93). After multivariate logistic regression, age ≥50 years, hypocalcemia and hyperparathyroidism showed significant association of vitamin D deficiency, but gender and hyperphosphatemia did not [Table 1].

Table 1 Parameters associated with vitamin D deficiency

The present results show that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in hemodialysis patients living in Senegal is similar to those reported in Western countries.[135]

Despite limitation due to small sample size and the cross-sectional study design, this study could be a basis for larger prospective cohort that would also assess the effect of vitamin D deficiency on bone and cardiovascular outcomes in African dialysis patients.

References

  1. , , , , , , . Association of kidney function, vitamin D deficiency, and circulating markers of mineral and bone disorders in CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;58:544-53.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. , , , , , . Vitamin D status and mortality risk in CKD: Ameta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;58:374-82.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. , , , , , , . Bioavailable vitamin D is more tightly linked to mineral metabolism than total vitamin D in incident hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2012;82:84-9.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. , , , , , , . Mineral and bone disease in black African hemodialysis patients: A report from Senegal. Nephrourol Mon. 2012;4:613-6.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. , , , . Vitamin D deficiency and associated factors in hemodialysis patients. J Ren Nutr. 2008;18:395-9.
    [Google Scholar]

    Fulltext Views
    236

    PDF downloads
    306
    View/Download PDF
    Download Citations
    BibTeX
    RIS
    Show Sections