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Effects of rosmarinic acid on methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in wistar rats
Leila Jafaripour1, Reza Naserzadeh2, Ehsan Alizamani2, Seyyed Mohammad Javad Mashhadi2, Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam3, Negar Nouryazdan4, Hassan Ahmadvand5
1 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
2 Student Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
3 Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
5 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences; Razi Herbal Researches Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
Correspondence Address:
Hassan Ahmadvand,
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad
Iran
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/ijn.IJN_14_20
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Introduction: Methotrexate (MTX), used in the treatment of cancerous patients, causes toxicity in the different organs of the body. This study of rosmarinic acid (RA) is as an antioxidant on nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by MTX. Methods: Rats (n = 32) were divided into four groups: sham; MTX; 100 mg\kg RA + MTX; 200 mg/kg RA + MTX. The amount of MTX was 20 mg/kg. 24 hours after injection of the last dose of MTX, the blood samples and kidneys and liver of rats were studied. The aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, serum creatinine were assessed. Tissue antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. The liver and kidney tissues were histopathologically examined. Results: MTX significantly increased the urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, ALP levels, and renal MDA and significantly decreased renal catalase (CAT), hepatic glutathione (GSH), and hepatic CAT activity. MTX induced necrosis, leukocyte infiltration, eosinophilic casts, glomerular damage in kidney tissue and necrosis, degeneration and cellular vacuolization in liver tissues. RA at 100 mg/kg caused a significant decrease in ALT and AST and at two doses significantly decreased urea, renal MDA, and liver MDA. RA at 200 mg/kg significantly increased the renal CAT and liver GSH. RA in two doses significantly decreased necrosis and Leukocyte infiltration. RA caused a significant decrease in degeneration and cellular vacuolization in liver tissues. Conclusions: RA with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics decreased the MTX induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.
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